Vulvovaginitis

Causes of vulvovaginitis

Vulvovaginitis is an inflammatory process that occurs in the mucous membrane of the vagina. It can occur both in adult women and in very young girls from an early age – unfortunately, the female genitals are imperfect, and their structure is a real “gift” for various kinds of pathogenic bacteria and inflammatory diseases.

Vulvovaginitis is caused by fungi of the genus Candida, helminths, bacteria living in the intestine, allergies, streptococci and staphylococci, as well as pyogenic flora and mechanical irritation and damage, sexual infections, urinary tract infections. An organism with a strong immune system is less susceptible to them.

The causes of vulvovaginitis may be:

wearing dirty laundry and other neglect of personal hygiene requirements;
prolonged mechanical irritation;
taking antibiotics;
weak immunity;
local hypothermia;
metabolic disorders;
sexual promiscuity, non-compliance with the rules of sexual hygiene;
endocrine disorders;
the use of baths with fragrances, deodorants for intimate hygiene, excessive or improper intimate hygiene procedures;
infectious diseases (general and local).
Symptoms of vulvovaginitis

Vulvovaginitis is manifested by pain in the lower abdomen and itching that occurs in the area of the external genitalia, but the main symptoms of vulvovaginitis are abundant, often foamy, vaginal discharge. They are, as a rule, greenish in color with an unpleasant (“fishy”) smell. Vulvovaginitis also causes redness (possibly with swelling) of the vaginal mucosa. Sexual contact causes pain and unpleasant sensations. With accompanying urethritis or cystitis, there may be painful urination.

For diagnosis, a gynecologist will conduct a diagnostic gynecological examination, take smears for analysis to detect bacterial infections and bacterial sensitivity to antibiotics, do a PCR analysis to detect sexually transmitted diseases and some urogenital infectious diseases, if necessary, conduct an ultrasound of the pelvic organs. According to the results of the diagnosis, the doctor will prescribe appropriate treatment.

Treatment of vulvovaginitis

Therapy for this disease is based on the elimination of the causative agent. For this purpose, antifungal drugs, antibiotics, local procedures (baths, douching) are prescribed. To restore the microflora of the vagina, local or oral probiotics are prescribed. Full sexual rest is recommended for the duration of treatment. If hormonal disorders have become the cause of the disease, hormone therapy is prescribed.

In the absence of treatment, vulvovaginitis can cause unpleasant consequences. Firstly, it will significantly complicate a woman’s sex life. Secondly, the infection can spread to other organs – the cervix and uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, appendages, as well as the bladder, urethra and kidneys. Ulcerative lesions may also form on the vaginal mucosa.

Prevention of vulvovaginitis

For the prevention of vulvovaginitis, simple requirements should be observed – avoid accidental sexual contact, use barrier contraception during sexual intercourse, do not abuse antibiotics (and if you have to take antibiotics according to a doctor’s prescription, you need to ask your doctor to prescribe probiotics for simultaneous administration), abandon synthetic underwear in favor of natural, do not use daily pads all the time (in they create an extremely favorable environment for the reproduction of bacteria). It is necessary to follow the rules of intimate hygiene correctly, not to neglect them, but also not to use measures such as douching too often.

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