Causes of vitiligo

Several factors can provoke this disease, and among them, both environmental influences and changes in the human body itself:

sunburns;
poisoning with various chemicals;
the presence of chronic inflammatory diseases;
nervous system dysfunction;
prolonged or severe emotional stress;
an imbalance of the immune system;
diseases of internal organs (for example, thyroid diseases provoke up to a third of cases of vitiligo).
Symptoms of vitiligo

Single or multiple spotty rashes gradually appear on the human skin, which are practically discolored or resemble ivory. These rashes have a tendency to marginal growth. There is a thickening of the pigment on the edge of the spots, which further emphasizes the sharp contrast of colorless rashes and areas of healthy skin.

Vitiligo can be localized on any part of the skin, with the exception of the soles and palms. The hair, which is located in the localization of vitiligo, also loses color. Some patients have early gray hair. As for the sensations of this disease, some patients complain of itching in the area of skin lesions. In half of the cases, the disease can manifest itself at the age of 10 to 30 years. Children can suffer a limited form of this disease, since it can be provoked by a disorder of the endocrine system, for example, rheumatoid arthritis. Elderly people, as a rule, are not susceptible to this disease.

Diagnosis of vitiligo

When diagnosing this disease, a physical examination is important, which is carried out by a specialist. The patient should not only have an external manifestation of the disease in the form of discolored spots on the skin, laboratory tests should be carried out to confirm this diagnosis.

To do this , the following are assigned:

blood for antibodies;
blood for biochemistry;
general analysis of blood and urine.
It is extremely important to differentiate vitiligo from other skin diseases.

Treatment of vitiligo

If the total area of the lesion of the skin is no more than a fifth, then active medical intervention is required, which includes the use of external glucocorticoid agents, in the form of ointments and creams.

The above drugs have different application schemes, but only a qualified specialist can choose an individual therapy, taking into account all the individual characteristics of the patient.

In the absence of a positive result, drugs belonging to the second stage are connected for several months. These are so-called topical inhibitors, in the form of creams and ointments.

At the discretion of the doctor, non-drug treatment can also be prescribed, which includes several directions:

Monochramatic light and laser radiation.
Selective phototherapy.
UV therapy.
Medications that increase susceptibility to light may also be prescribed. But they have a fairly significant list of contraindications.

If necessary, surgical treatment can also be prescribed, during which donor skin areas are transplanted to the patient. This is a fast and effective method of treatment, especially if conservative methods did not bring the expected result.

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