Venous thrombosis

Venous thrombosis is a disease in which blood clots form in the veins. A blood clot is a blood clot that impedes blood circulation. The danger of thrombosis is not only that the limbs affected by it quickly get tired, swell, and hurt, but also that a blood clot can cause blockage of the vessels of the lungs or heart – and this can have the saddest consequences up to a fatal outcome. Venous thrombosis is a very common disease, a quarter of the planet’s inhabitants are susceptible to it. Moreover, women suffer from thrombosis 5-6 times more often than men – the reasons for this “inequality” are hormonal, as well as pregnancy, which significantly increases the load on the circulatory system and limbs. In obese people, the risk of developing thrombosis increases by 5 times. With age, the risk of thrombosis increases.

Most often, blood clots form in the veins of the lower extremities, although they can be seen in other areas. The most common are parietal thrombi (they are hooked to the walls of blood vessels and narrow the vascular lumen). Very often, blood clots form near the valves of the veins.

The main reason for the formation of blood clots is the protective blood clotting system. Prevents her anti-clotting. When the balance between them is broken in favor of the first one, the formation of blood clots begins. The anticoagulation system consists of anticoagulants – substances that prevent the formation of collagen and fibrin and the appearance of blood clots. On the basis of anticoagulants, drugs for thrombosis are created.

In a narrower sense, the causes of thrombosis are congenital malformations and abnormalities of blood vessels, underdeveloped muscle lining of veins, insufficiency of venous valves, varicose veins, fistulas between veins and arteries, as well as oncological diseases, hormonal disorders, overweight, consequences of surgical operations, paralysis, fractures, infections, blood diseases, autoimmune diseases,

Risk factors are sedentary or standing work, frequent long trips or flights, sports, high physical activity, nicotine and alcohol use.

SYMPTOMS OF VENOUS THROMBOSIS
Symptoms of thrombosis are pain that is bursting, heaviness in the legs, decreased or increased sensitivity or “goosebumps”, swelling, redness of the skin around the affected area, convulsions. In some cases, thrombosis occurs without clinical manifestations. Often thrombosis is joined by thrombophlebitis (inflammation of the veins), which causes an increase in body temperature. In the affected areas, the skin changes its color, it seems glossy, this place is colder to the touch than healthy, subcutaneous veins are clearly visible.

For diagnosis, in addition to medical examination, various tests are used to determine thrombosis, as well as Dopplerography, angiography (phlebography), ultrasound, etc.

TREATMENT OF VENOUS THROMBOSIS
When the diagnosis of “venous thrombosis” is confirmed, the patient is prescribed bed rest and treatment. Drug treatment consists in taking anticoagulants (internally and externally), as well as anti-inflammatory drugs (externally). Bandaging with an elastic bandage is used.

If there is a risk of blood clot detachment, surgical treatment is necessary.

Necessarily during the period of illness and after it, the patient is prescribed a special diet, taking medicinal herbal remedies, therapeutic gymnastics. Alcohol and nicotine should be excluded from the diet, as well as fatty foods, fast food and some other products. The menu must contain fiber, fresh fruits and vegetables. It is absolutely necessary to drink at least 2 liters of water per day to avoid blood thickening.

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