Vaginitis is an inflammation of the vaginal mucosa caused by various causes. Vaginitis manifests itself with very unpleasant symptoms for a woman – discomfort in the perineum and vagina, the presence of purulent or serous secretions with an unpleasant, and in some cases fetid odor. Some diseases cause pain during sexual intercourse, menstrual irregularities and difficulty urinating.
reasons
The main reason for the development of vaginitis is the attachment of pathogenic flora to the bacterial environment of the vagina and the reproduction of bacteria. The disease develops under the influence of external and internal factors, including hypothermia or overheating, lack of care for the genitals and non–compliance with personal hygiene rules. Internal factors include chronic inflammatory processes in the body, decreased immunity and chronic somatic diseases can provoke the development of vaginitis.
Vaginitis is not only a disease of women and girls, it can also develop in girls with certain infectious diseases – influenza, scarlet fever, and others.
The main principle of the development of mucosal inflammation is the suppression of its own microflora, which is designed to fight pathogenic bacteria and protect a woman’s genitals.
Other causes of vaginitis include uncontrolled medication, mostly antibiotics, promiscuous sex life, the presence of implants in the uterus – an intrauterine device.
Reduce the immunity of the pelvic organs and surgical interventions, menstruation, abortion and diagnostic curettage.
classification
All vaginitis is divided into two large groups – specific and nonspecific vaginitis. Specific ones include vaginitis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycoplasma, Trichomonas, Gonococcus. Nonspecific vaginitis is caused by conditionally pathogenic flora, for example, Staphylococcus, viruses, E. coli.
symptoms
The symptoms of vaginitis depend on the pathogen. Trichomonas vaginitis is manifested by foamy green discharge, white thick discharge occurs with bacterial vaginitis, and with gonorrheal discharge purulent, thick, reminiscent of sour cream. In the acute course of the process, the discharge is abundant, accompanied by itching, violation and soreness during urination, the external genitals are hyperemic, swollen, itchy. With chronic vaginitis, painful sensations are either insignificant or absent at all, the duration of exacerbations varies, exacerbations are associated with hypothermia, menstruation, and other diseases.
treatment
Before direct treatment, diagnosis and determination of the pathogen is carried out – etiotropic therapy is prescribed on the basis of smears. With fungal vaginitis, antimycotic drugs are prescribed, with vaginitis caused by sexually transmitted infections, complex therapy with antibiotics is prescribed.
Local treatment includes baths, vaginal instillation, the use of vaginal candles and tablets. Chronic vaginitis is difficult to treat and often worsens.
