Tonsillitis
Angina is an enlargement of the tonsils, accompanied by an inflammatory process that occurs both in them and in the lymphoid tissue of the pharyngeal ring. The symptoms of angina are most often affected by children from one to three years old and at the age of 6-7. This is caused by the peculiarities of the formation of the immune system, which is fully normalized by the age of 25. Children with the genotype of the southern species are especially susceptible to angina. Their short noses are not able to completely warm the streams of cold air and destroy the pathogenic microflora that gets from the pharynx to the glands, causing inflammatory processes in them.
The content of the article:
Primary angina
Classification of angina
Types of primary angina
Specific angina
Tonsillitis
Inflammation of the tonsils can be caused by viral diseases, microbial environment or candida fungus. There are several hundred viruses that cause an acute form of ARVI with inflammation of the throat.
The lesion of the throat can develop due to the penetration of staphylococci and streptococci, gonococci and spirochetes into the tissue of the glands. In diseases that strongly depress the immune system, angina can also bother adults over 25 years old.
Diseases such as AIDS, syphilis, gonorrhea, candidiasis, diphtheria cause chronic inflammation of the throat in people of mature age. Diseases of the oral and nasal cavities, caries contribute to the preservation of pathological microflora in the nasopharynx and are the causes of chronic tonsillitis.
Since only a laboratory study can name the causative agent of purulent plaque in the oral cavity and on the tonsils, an otolaryngologist’s consultation is required. Timely comprehensive treatment of acute angina helps to recover. With an incorrectly selected antibiotic, angina turns into a chronic form.
Purulent inflammation of the tonsils is accompanied by an increase in temperature to 40 degrees Celsius, which is poorly knocked down with the help of antipyretics during the maturation of purulent plugs. The disease is accompanied by a sore throat when swallowing, an increase in lymph nodes. With improper treatment, it turns into a chronic form, aggravating with varying degrees of frequency, causing a strong blow to immunity. As a result, concomitant diseases of the cardiovascular system, respiratory organs and urinary system of a person may develop.
Primary angina
It is characterized by pathological processes in the tissues of the tonsils and pharyngeal ring. The occurrence is due to streptococcus belonging to group A.
The causative agent may be Staphylococcus aureus, pneumococcus or a mixed infection.
The disease is contagious, the infection is transmitted by airborne droplets or household. Pathogens are released when sneezing, during coughing. The appearance of symptoms of primary angina may be due to an existing infection of the oral cavity. This is facilitated by caries, gingivitis, periodontal disease.
The infection falls on the lymphoid tissue of the tonsils, the purpose of which is to prevent the passage of infection into the respiratory tract. With insufficient function of the lymphatic system, bacteria begin to multiply and form a focus of infection. Predisposing factors may be hypothermia of the body, causing a decrease in immunity, diseases, poor ecology and poor nutrition, which led to a lack of vitamins. According to the location and depth of the lesion, several types of angina are divided.
Classification of angina
When the throat is affected for the first time, and the process is most pronounced, these are the symptoms of primary angina. Secondary angina is caused by diphtheria, mononucleosis or scarlet fever and is one of the symptoms of their development. This type of infection is always accompanied by the appearance of a specific plaque on the glands, throat, tongue and pain when swallowing. The cause of the development of secondary angina is also blood diseases. It is observed in leukemia and other diseases requiring treatment.
The diagnosis of “specific angina” occurs when the defeat of the tonsils occurs by specific types of pathogens of the disease.
It develops if there are Candida fungi in the oral cavity that exist in colonies together with cocci that cause pathological processes in the body.
It affects infants and can begin in the first days of life if the child becomes infected with it in the birth canal of the mother.
Another type of specific sore throat is a herpetic lesion of the pharynx and tonsils. With this type of sore throat, the pharynx and tonsils are covered with many pustules that burst, turning into ulcers. They can merge and form large compounds that gather into large painful ulcers. Sick people suffer from high fever, fever is very persistent. Only antiviral drugs will help to improve the condition.
Types of primary angina
Lacunar angina is an infectious inflammation of multiple folds of the glands, holes in the folds of which microbes should be destroyed. In this form, the tonsils are covered with purulent films. During the examination of the oral cavity, inflamed glands are visible, greatly enlarged in size with lacunae in which purulent contents are visible.
Catarrhal angina leads to damage to the surface of the tonsils. The disease passes in a mild form, and this indicates that the body is fighting the pathogen on its own. Examination of the oral cavity shows redness of the palate, swelling of the pharyngeal wall and tonsils. Most often, the temperature does not last long, and after an acute moment there is a cough and a runny nose. This condition can develop as a result of hypothermia, and treatment does not require antibiotics.
Follicular angina affects the follicles of the tonsils. Edematous and red throat with enlarged tonsils, in the follicles of which purulent plugs ripen. This maturation is accompanied by a very high temperature, which subsides only after maturation and the outcome of purulent contents. With such an infectious form, only antibiotics will save the situation, which will stop the inflammatory process.
Phlegmonous angina is a rare type of disease. With it, an abscess forms in the tonsils, which brings a lot of suffering to the patient. The glands first swell, the soft palate turns red, a large painful tumor develops without clear boundaries. It covers the entire soft palate. Over time, a focus is formed in which pus accumulates and pours out through the fistula. The patient will feel a significant improvement only after the autopsy. This type indicates a severely weakened immune system. Treatment of an infectious disease of this type should take place only in a hospital, because there is a danger of damage to the meninges of the brain.
Gangrenous is the rarest and most severe type of sore throat, the tonsils are changed, they have a thick persistent plaque that cannot be removed. When you try to do this, there is bleeding. The surface of the tonsils has a purulent yellow-green color. Tissue necrosis occurs. Damaged areas are rejected during the course of the disease.
Specific angina
Specific sore throats affect the lymphatic tissues of the throat and occur in a chronic form, greatly undermining the protective functions of the body. Tuberculosis, syphilis, scleroma, fungal disease can cause this type of sore throat. It will torment a person until he gets rid of the disease.
Simanovsky-Plaut-Vincent’s angina refers to a specific type of tonsillitis. It proceeds with special signs. Lymphatic tissue damage occurs on one side. Sore throat is insignificant and often absent altogether. There is no intoxication of the body, there is no temperature, and the patient feels quite satisfactory. On examination, a slight redness is visible, the tonsils have a normal appearance, but on one of them there is a curd-like coating of a dirty purulent shade. After its removal, an ulcer remains on the affected gland in the form of a depression with uneven edges and a gray bottom. The disease is accompanied by bad breath. On the affected side, palpation of the lower jaw reveals an increase in lymph nodes.
With fungal candidiasis angina, the entire oral cavity is covered with a white loose coating. It is located everywhere and can be easily removed without bleeding. Under it, a shiny red surface is formed, covered with small ulcers.
The diagnosis of any angina can be confirmed only after a bacteriological examination. Sowing bacteria helps to prescribe treatment and choose the right medications and conduct treatment.
