Streptodermia

Streptodermia (streptococcal impetigo) is an acute infectious disease, the so–called pyoderma, which is caused by streptococci and manifests itself by flectenization.

ETIOLOGY
Streptococci are microorganisms considered conditionally pathogenic flora. They live in the upper layers of human skin. As a rule, streptococcus causes disease only if, for example, immunity is reduced or when penetrating and actively reproducing into open wounds, abrasions, burns. The path of infection is contact–household, through direct contact with a person with streptoderma or through household items. Also, the source of the disease can be a person who is already more streptodermic. The incubation period is 2-7 days. Streptoderma is an acute disease, but under certain conditions it can take a chronic form (with diabetes mellitus, varicose veins).

Most often, outbreaks of the disease occur in children’s institutions (kindergartens, boarding schools, and so on). If the sanitary and hygienic regime is not observed, all children in this institution, as well as its employees, can get sick with streptoderma.

symptoms
CLASSIFICATION OF STREPTODERMS:
Superficial, deep
Acute chronic
The main symptom of streptodermia is the appearance of pink spots. The spots can be of different diameters (up to 3-4 cm), covered with small-plate scales. Favorite localization: face, back, buttocks, limbs. Streptodermia on the face has a name – simple lichen of the face. The spots are exfoliated, pass away, subsequently leaving temporary depigmentation on the skin.

Usually these spots do not affect the general condition of a person in any way, but sometimes itching, increased dryness of the skin may occur, children may have fever and regional lymphadenitis.

CHRONIC STREPTODERMIA
It is characterized by a long course with frequent relapses. During relapses, large spots appear up to 10 cm in diameter, clearly defined, with uneven edges. The edges of the spots are scalloped – indented, layered. Bubbles often form, which then dry out and become covered with brown crusts. After removing these crusts, bright erythema is detected with the separation of serous, serous-purulent exudate.

COMPLICATIONS
Microbial eczema
Joining a secondary infection
diagnostics
Usually, a doctor’s examination is enough for diagnosis, but in some cases, differential diagnosis of streptoderma from mycosis, lichen is needed. Sensitivity to antibacterial agents is also carried out by sowing the contents of pustules on nutrient media.

treatment
Treatment of the underlying disease, rehabilitation of chronic foci of infection.
Vitamin therapy and immunomodulators to increase the body’s resistance.
Antiseptic agents, antibacterial therapy – erythromycin, heliomycin ointment, etc.
In severe cases, vaccination against streptococcus is carried out.
At the beginning of the development of impetigo, wet-drying bandages with silver nitrate or resorcinol give a good effect.
If the skin is affected in the corners of the mouth – jams – nitric acid ointment 1%, lubricate 2-4 times a day.
Before removing the crusts, it is also necessary to treat with disinfectant softening ointments.
With severe itching, the use of antihistamines is indicated
With a chronic process during remission, ultraviolet irradiation of the affected areas is mandatory.
PREVENTION
In case of streptoderma outbreaks in children’s institutions, contact persons are quarantined for 10 days. Rehabilitation of foci of infections, compliance with a rational diet and treatment regimen for diabetes significantly reduce the risk of streptodermia.

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