Setton ‘s Nevus
Setton’s nevus is a type of dermal nevus. It is characterized by depigmentation of the skin around the formation, which is very similar to vitiligo. The disease can have both single and multiple formations. Diagnosis of Setton’s nevus is designed to differentiate it from forms of melanoma with similar symptoms. Additionally, dermatoscopy, biopsy, syascopy of the nevus, etc. can be performed. If Setton’s nevus has been diagnosed, then treatment of the neoplasm is not required. Quite often, the disease is characterized by regression. In case of suspicion of the development of melanoma, surgical removal of the formation and depigmentation zone should be performed.
The content of the article:
Symptoms of Setton ‘s nevus
Diagnosis of Setton’s nevus
Treatment of Setton’s nevus
Setton ‘s Nevus
Setton’s nevus is diagnosed in women and men, regardless of age. However, most often children and adolescents suffer from the disease. As practice shows, Setton’s nevus is found in about a quarter of patients who have been diagnosed with vitiligo. People with autoimmune diseases are also at risk. Setton’s nevus is diagnosed in the brothers and sisters of a patient with vitiligo.
A number of researchers involved in the study of diseases in the field of dermatology confirm that Setton’s nevus is a kind of skin reaction to increased ultraviolet radiation. Also, this disease develops under the influence of atopic sunburn. Some authors give examples of the autoimmune nature of the development of education, which is confirmed by the presence of cytotoxic antibodies in the blood of patients. Setton’s nevus has a characteristic rim of depigmentation, in connection with which this disease has received the synonyms “perinevus vitiligo” and “halonevus”.
Symptoms of Setton ‘s nevus
The first manifestation of Setton’s nevus is a pigmented nevus, around which a section of depigmented skin is formed. In some cases, redness may occur before the appearance of depigmentation. The neoplasm itself resembles a nodule of brown, red-brown or milky-brown color. The nevus rises slightly above the skin. It has clear borders and a rounded shape. As a rule, the depigmented rim around the formation is twice as wide as the nevus itself.
Basically, the skin of the upper extremities and trunk suffers from these formations, the face — in rare cases. Basically, these are multiple formations. The patient can count about a hundred nevi on his body, having a similar shape and approximately the same size. Setton’s nevus is very rarely isolated.
Setton’s nevus is prone to gradual regression, it belongs to the group of melanomone-dangerous nevi. However, it has many common features with such formations as melanoma and neurofibromatosis. Setton’s nevus can also be associated with malignant tumors of internal organs.
Setton’s nevus is characterized by stage development, which makes it possible to call it the most distinctive symptom. Pigmented formations appear from the very beginning. An area with hypopigmentation, or discoloration, appears around it after a few months. Only after a few years there is a regression of the pigment part of the formation. After that, the color of the depigmented rim gradually returns to its natural color.
Diagnosis of Setton’s nevus
In most cases, the stage of development and the typical clinical picture of Setton’s nevus make it possible to make an accurate diagnosis as quickly as possible. Certain difficulties begin to arise when nevus is provoked by vitiligo. In such cases, additional siascopy and dermatoscopy are performed. Thanks to these methods, the center of education is being investigated for the presence of nevus cells. Also, with the help of these diagnostic methods, it is possible to detect the absence of melanocytes in the epidermis of the depigmented rim.
In addition, a consultation with a dermatooncologist is necessary, since some forms of melanoma have many symptoms in common with Setton’s nevus, for example, in some cases it has a discolored rim around the pigment center, and the pigmentation itself is prone to regression. That is why melanoma has many similar signs to Setton’s nevus. In such situations, it is necessary to conduct a biopsy and further histological examination of the sample taken.
Setton’s nevus is also differentiated with vulgar wart, neurofibroma, blue nevus and vitiligo.
Treatment of Setton’s nevus
Perinevus vitiligo or Setton’s nevus is an unpleasant cosmetic defect that requires regular examination by a dermatologist until signs of regression of education appear. Doctors prescribe professional protective equipment with SPF 50. Also, if possible, avoid exposure to direct sunlight and ultraviolet radiation (for example, in a solarium).
Treatment should be carried out in cases where it is impossible to distinguish Setton’s nevus from melanoma. In such situations, surgical removal of a nevus with a depigmented area is necessary.
