Sepsis is a common purulent infection that develops as a result of ingestion of pathogenic microbes and products of their metabolism.
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS
FACTORS OF SEPSIS DEVELOPMENT:
The primary focus of infection, located close to the blood vessels
Pathogen, virulence, quantity
Immune response (decrease, shock, age, large blood loss)
CLASSIFICATION OF SEPSIS
According to the causative agent , there are sepsis: streptococcal, staphylococcal, meningococcal, mixed, etc.
By origin: sepsis due to a purulent wound, postoperative as a result of violation of the rules of asepsis, abdominal (inflammatory processes in the abdominal cavity, abscesses, peritonitis), implantation, gynecological, urosepsis.
According to the time of occurrence: If sepsis developed within 14 days from the development of the primary focus of infection, it is early, if later than 14 days, it is late.
According to the clinical course: lightning–fast – symptoms develop very quickly during the first day, acute – development up to several days, subacute – develops within a few weeks, chronic – years of remissions and exacerbations.
STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
Toxic-resorptive fever is a syndrome of intoxication, fever, only toxins in the blood.
Septicemia – the appearance and reproduction of pathogens in the blood
Septicopiemia is the final stage. The formation of abscesses throughout the body.
symptoms
The highest temperature
Profuse sweat
Amazing chills
A sharp decrease in blood pressure
Tachycardia
Apathy or excitement
Shortness of breath
Headache and insomnia
Dehydration of the body
The development of pressure sores (with subacute and acute sepsis), pneumonia.
Septic shock is an acute circulatory disorder due to the overflow of blood by pathogenic microflora and the release of free toxins into it. This is an urgent condition. Septic shock develops suddenly: blood pressure drops sharply, tachycardia, shortness of breath increase, kidney function is disrupted – oliguria, anuria develops, the skin becomes covered with rash, petechiae, disorders of the gastrointestinal tract are observed.
Sepsis of newborns is severe. With this type of sepsis, the baby has vomiting, severe diarrhea, rejection of the bottle, the mother’s breasts, the child loses weight before his eyes, the symptoms of dehydration are obvious: the turgor of the skin falls, it becomes flabby, wrinkled, the color is earthy. In some cases, the focus of primary infection is suppuration of the umbilical wound, due to improper care.
treatment
Main aspects: to suppress infection and increase the body’s resistance. In the presence of wounds, surgical excision of the affected, dead area is indicated, followed by competent primary surgical treatment, with abscesses – opening of ulcers, pockets, disinfection of the cavity, drainage with an antiseptic solution.
All patients with sepsis need intensive therapy: the introduction of antibiotics, in some cases quite large doses, with even previously detected sensitivity of microorganisms, infusion therapy with Hemodesis, Polydesis, Glucose.
PREVENTION
Timely treatment of primary foci of infections, regular medical examination.
