Rhinophyma

Rhinophyma is called pathological overgrowth (enlargement) all layers of the skin of the nose, leading to a change in its shape, and often accompanied by a violation of the structure of the underlying tissues.

reasons
The specific causes of the development of rhinophyma have not been established. It is assumed that a certain role in its occurrence is played by the preceding rosacea – a chronic recurrent pathology of the facial skin caused by a violation of the process of innervation and blood supply to its surface layers. Predispose to the development of this disease:

the effects of adverse physical and chemical factors;
pathologies of the digestive and endocrine system;
infections of the skin, in particular, infection with acne mites;
disruption of the nervous and immune system.
Contribute to the development of rosacea, as well as the formation of rhinophyma, abuse of alcoholic beverages, addiction to spicy and hot food.

Belonging to the male sex and age over forty years increase the likelihood of the disease.

SYMPTOMS
In the early stages, rhinophyma manifests itself by thickening, coarsening of the skin in the nasal area. They acquire an atypical luster and a reddish-bluish hue.

In the future, the nose begins to gradually increase in size – evenly, over the entire surface, or unevenly, with the formation of dense pineal nodes on each wing of the nose and its tip, merging with each other in the process of enlargement. As a rule, with the formation of nodes, the skin of the nose does not change its color so sharply, and often retains a bodily, waxy, shade, but the configuration of the nose is lost. With uniform magnification, the nose retains its natural shape, but its skin turns bright red. On its surface, the mouths of the ducts of the sebaceous glands, enlarged pores, convoluted blood vessels become clearly visible.

A significant overgrowth of the skin of the nose is accompanied by an overlap of the nasal passages, impaired breathing and speech, and in severe cases leads to difficulty in the process of eating.

The development of pathology is accompanied by severe psychological discomfort.

diagnostics
Making a diagnosis is not difficult. The characteristic complaints of the patient and the data of an objective examination are taken into account. If necessary, a fragment of the skin removed from the area of the external nose is examined to exclude the transition of the process into a malignant form.

BASIC PRINCIPLES OF TREATMENT
Modern medicine does not have conservative methods of treating rhinophyma. The only way to eliminate this pathology is surgical intervention, which is performed by the traditional method, and its volume is determined by the degree of severity of pathological changes.

Excision of the altered tissues begins from the side of healthy skin and continues until the last layer of the transformed cells is removed. In the event that the changes are significantly pronounced, plastic surgery is performed after the removal of the rhinophyma. In the early stages, the operation is performed in the usual manner and ends with cosmetic sutures.

Taking into account the probability of malignancy of the process, fragments of hypertrophied skin after surgery are sent for histological examination.

The prognosis is favorable if the surgeon managed to excise all areas of the altered tissue. Otherwise, there is a high probability of relapses of the disease.

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