Pyoderma is a group of skin diseases provoked by a specific pyogenic microflora in the form of various cocci. Pyoderma are the most common types of skin diseases and are divided into primary (damage to the skin of a healthy person) and secondary (damage to the skin as a result of itching caused by complications of various diseases). Such diseases can be diabetes mellitus, scabies, eczema, CRF.
Complications of pyoderma in their chronic course can be scarring of the skin and age spots. With uncomplicated pyoderma, when shallow layers of the skin are involved in the process, after recovery, the skin surface is completely restored.
Reasons
The cause of this type of skin lesions is considered to be the vital activity of the transient and saprophytic microflora of the skin, which causes specific lesions of the skin at the time of weakening of the protective function of the body. The result of the vital activity of representatives of such flora are toxins and enzymes that provoke pyoderma.
The pathogenesis of diseases is greatly influenced by the age of the patient, the characteristics of his skin, working conditions, personal hygiene, the state of the immune system, the presence of factors that reduce the protective functions of the skin.
Classification and symptoms
These lesions are classified and manifest depending on the severity, depth of the lesion and the pathogen.
Sycosis and ostiofolliculitis manifest staphyloderma (superficial pyoderma).
Mixed and streptodermia manifest themselves in the form of vulgar impetigo.
In the form of folliculitis, carbunculosis, furunculosis, deep staphyloderma are manifested.
Ulcerative skin lesions in the form of vulgar ecthyma manifest deep inflammation caused by streptococcal infection.
Mixed microflora causes ulcerative-vegetative chronic forms of deep pyoderma.
Diagnostics
The diagnostic program for suspected pyoderma consists of collecting anamnesis and evaluating clinical data. With the help of visual diagnostic methods, pustular lesions of the skin surface are determined. Methods of laboratory diagnostics are connected in the form of:
clinical blood test;
general urine analysis;
complex of serological reactions to syphilis;
histological studies;
examination of purulent secretions with determination of culture and sensitivity to antibiotics;
determination of serum IgA, IgM, IgG, populations and subpopulations of T- and B-lymphocytes.
Often, the diagnosis is established after consulting an endocrinologist, therapist, neurologist.
Pyoderma should be differentiated from diseases such as skin tumors, trichophytia, tuberculous skin lesions, syphilis, leishmaniasis, vasculitis.
Treatment
The therapy of pyoderma is pathogenetic, symptomatic and etiological. It begins with the selection of antibiotics based on a sensitivity test and data from bacteriological studies. In the treatment of pyoderma, a wide range of antibiotics are used, the appointment of which is carried out only by a doctor!
The use of corticosteroid drugs, cytostatics, B vitamins, drugs acting on blood microcirculation (in chronic stages) is also indicated.
In protracted cases, immunocorrection courses are prescribed.
Externally, various antiseptic solutions are used, whose use is combined with the mechanical removal of crusts and pus, necrosis sites.
The patient’s diet should be complete with some restriction of carbohydrates.
Fullness and regularity of nutrition, compliance with the general hygienic regime, therapy of common diseases, sports and physical culture, isolation of family members from patients with pyoderma, timely treatment of their initial manifestations are measures of effective primary prevention of such skin lesions.
