Professional eczema

Professional eczema
Occupational eczema is a chronic inflammatory disease of slow course, which is localized on the skin, which develops in the course of professional activity due to constant exposure to an irritant. Very often, professional eczema develops against the background of allergic dermatitis. Redness on the skin, the formation of bubbles or even papules, specific itching — all this is characteristic of the course of professional eczema. It is possible to diagnose professional eczema based on the presence or absence of certain provoking factors. You can determine the presence of such factors if you interview the patient or conduct an analysis by taking an allergic sample. As for treatment, it is usually carried out with the use of sedatives or antihistamines. Glucocorticoid preparations and various astringents are also widely used. For complete treatment, physiotherapy and laser therapy are used, as well as cryotherapy, which extends to the affected areas of the skin.

Usually, specialists in the pharmaceutical or chemical industry, as well as workers in the engineering industry or medical institutions suffer from occupational eczema. The disease can develop as a result of an allergic reaction of the body in the case of constant exposure to any harmful factors. If at the beginning the disease is characterized by a monovalent nature of the course of sanitization, then in the future it can transform into a polyvalent stage, which leads to allergic reactions of varying severity to any exogenous effect.

Usually, substances that cause the occurrence and further development of eczema include chromium salts, nickel salts, cement, dyes, turpentine, synthetic epoxy resins, formaldehyde, and bakelite glue. The occurrence of professional eczema is affected by the dry or even humid air of your workplace. Excess dust in the room or injury to the skin also affects the formation of professional eczema.

According to the researchers, people suffering from diseases of the liver and gastrointestinal tract, including hepatitis, pancreatitis, cirrhosis, cholecystitis and peptic ulcer, are more susceptible to harmful effects. Various kinds of endocrine disorders, including diabetes mellitus or endocrine obesity, as well as the presence of autonomic dysfunction (for example, VSD) or non-sanitized foci of chronic infections (otitis, periodontitis, tonsillitis) can also affect the occurrence of this disease. Few people know, but bronchial asthma, pollinosis or allergic rhinitis are all possible precursors of professional eczema.

The content of the article:
Symptoms of occupational eczema
Diagnosis of professional eczema
Treatment of professional eczema
Professional eczema
Symptoms of occupational eczema
Usually professional eczema occurs against the background of allergic contact dermatitis. It is known that the disease has a special long course, therefore it often acquires a chronic form, in which periods of either exacerbation or remission are traced. As a rule, remission occurs if the effect of a harmful factor is stopped in the case of the patient’s transition to another job or in the case of creating better conditions at work. As for the possible exacerbation, it is usually observed in the case of repeated exposure to various provoking factors of this disease.

The clinic of professional eczema is very similar to the manifestations of eczema, which is called true. Exacerbation may begin with a symptom such as redness or skin swelling. In the future, vesicles or papules may appear. A characteristic feature of the symptoms is pronounced itching. If you try to open such bubbles, then minor erosions may form in their place.

If we talk about the initial stage of the course of professional eczema, then inflammatory processes in this case can occur only in those areas that are in direct contact with skin-provoking factors. In case of repeated exacerbation, other areas of the skin may already be involved in this inflammatory process.

After a certain time, skin compaction may occur in the lesion itself with a further increase in skin patterns or the appearance of inflammation in the form of cyanotic coloration. There may be a characteristic peeling or the appearance of drier skin with further cracking. The patient may complain of severe unnatural itching or a burning sensation. It is also possible to attach an infection with the further development of streptococcal impetigo.

Diagnosis of professional eczema
Usually, professional eczema can be diagnosed based on the results of anamnesis, as well as on the basis of a routine examination or dermatoscopy, allergy samples taken. In order to identify the connection between this disease and a person’s professional activity, as well as to determine possible factors that provoked it, the doctor interviews the patient. Next, an allergological study is carried out with those substances that can affect a person in the process of his professional work. Such a study helps to determine which factors may be allergens. If during the examination foci of chronic infection and other diseases associated with professional eczema were detected, then consultation with an endocrinologist, otolaryngologist, gastroenterologist, dentist, as well as additional ultrasound of the abdominal cavity or gastroscopy is mandatory.

Treatment of professional eczema
Today there are many methods of treating professional eczema. However, whichever method is chosen, the therapy itself is difficult to perform tasks. If in the case of ordinary allergic dermatitis it is enough to eliminate only the provoking factor, then everything is much more complicated with the treatment of professional eczema. The latter can be explained by the polyvalent nature of sensitization, which requires an adequate approach to complex therapy.

The best treatment for professional eczema is the use of glucocorticosteroids, including corticotropin, prennisolone or triamcinolone. Antihistamines such as diprazine or diazoline are prescribed, as a rule, in order to reduce the sensitization of the body and eliminate itching. Methods of extracorporeal hemocorrection can have a positive effect in the treatment of professional eczema. Also, doctors often recommend using vitamin therapy, and in the case of pronounced itching, various sedatives.

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