Pigmented spots are a phenomenon on the skin, in the form of oval or flat areas with a darker color. This is the result of aging, skin insolation, or changes in hormonal levels in the body, taking certain medications or using cosmetics.
Pigmented spots are a cosmetic flaw, which is characterized by increased dryness of the skin, vascular protrusion, wrinkles and coarsening. In some cases, malignant skin changes may appear in the form of pigment spots.
The coloring of human skin is influenced by five pigments, with a lack of one of them or a violation of their concentration on the skin, the formation of pigment spots of various sizes occurs.
The main barrier to ultraviolet radiation is melanin. With its excessive accumulation on the skin, the formation of pigment spots, both congenital and acquired, occurs.
Causes of pigmentation
The main risk factor for this disease is intense and prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation. In addition, diseases of the digestive system, metabolic disorders of the body, endocrine diseases and Basedova disease can provoke the appearance of pigment spots.
With neuropsychiatric disorders, frequent stress, vitamin C deficiency, gynecological diseases and mental disorders, pigmentation disorders can also occur, which causes the appearance of pigment spots.
During pregnancy, pigmented spots may appear, which either pass quite quickly or remain for a long time.
Symptoms of age spots
Freckles are a phenomenon characteristic of fair skin, with prolonged exposure to the sun, when melanin accumulates in certain areas of the skin. The color of freckles varies depending on the time of year. The accumulation of freckles is noted on the face, hands, ears and chest.
Lentigo are pigmented spots that appear in the elderly, on those areas of the skin that have been exposed to the most intense sun exposure.
Large pigment spots, as a rule, on the skin of the face are characteristic of young women. When exposed to sunlight, their increase is observed. The main reason for their appearance is hormonal disorders, lactation, pregnancy, taking oral contraceptives or other hormonal drugs.
Treatment of age spots
Such a phenomenon as pigment spots is an indicator of a certain malfunction in the body, therefore, before their discoloration is carried out, an endocrinologist and gynecologist should be consulted. If diseases that have provoked pigmented spots are detected, their correction or treatment is carried out. And only after that you can begin to discolor them.
Homemade recipes do not bring the proper effect, since the effect occurs only on the surface of the skin.
If there are a lot of pigment spots, but they are located shallowly, chemical peeling is prescribed. Under the influence of fruit acids, the skin of the face is evenly discolored and age spots disappear, and the skin becomes softer.
With mechanical action (dermobrasion) on the skin, the effect is not so high.
With mesotarapia, active substances are injected into the deep layers of the skin, which causes its discoloration and removal of pigment spots.
Laser removal and photo-removal is carried out with deep pigment spots.
Even after the removal of age spots and normalization of the skin condition, the use of sunscreen cosmetics and timely correction of diseases are required to prevent the occurrence of new areas of skin pigmentation.
