Oophorite
Oophoritis is an inflammatory process that occurs in the tissue of one or both ovaries.
CAUSES OF THE DISEASE
The main reason for the development of oophoritis is the penetration into the ovary of pathogenic microorganisms from the fallopian tube, intestines or other internal organs with the flow of passing blood and lymph. It promotes inflammation by reducing the overall resistance of a woman’s body to infections and disruption of the ovary due to hormonal imbalance or defects in its tissue.
PREDISPOSE TO THE ONSET OF THE INFLAMMATORY PROCESS:
hypothermia;
stress;
irrational nutrition and violation of the work and rest regime;
common infectious diseases;
inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary organs, including those transferred earlier;
appendicitis, including chronic, and other inflammatory bowel diseases;
adhesive processes in surrounding tissues;
surgical treatment of internal genitalia (for ectopic pregnancy, ovarian apoplexy, injuries, etc.);
hormonal disorders;
intoxication, including alcohol and nicotine.
Possible inflammation of the ovary when poisoned with certain poisons (arsenic, phosphorus).
SYMPTOMS
The main problem that a woman faces with the development of acute oophoritis is acute pain in the lower abdomen (more often in the iliac regions), accompanied by an increase in body temperature, chills, malaise.
During the transition of the process to a chronic form, the pain becomes less pronounced, aching, appears periodically, with an exacerbation of the disease or on the eve of menstruation, often against the background of normal body temperature. The chronic course of oophoritis often causes menstrual cycle disorders and infertility.
diagnostics
The diagnosis is made on the basis of the patient’s complaints, the data of her objective examination (vaginal or transrectal examination), as well as the results of additional examination – ultrasound diagnostics, hysterosalpingography, microscopic examination and bacteriological seeding of smears of the contents of the vagina, cervical canal. The analysis of cervical secretion smears by polymerase chain reaction and indirect immunofluorescence is also used. In severe cases, laparoscopy is used, which is the most informative and reliable diagnostic method.
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF TREATMENT
With an acute form of inflammation and severe pain syndrome, a woman is hospitalized, in mild cases outpatient treatment is allowed. Assigned:
antibacterial drugs taking into account the sensitivity of the identified pathological flora;
anti-inflammatory drugs (usually in the form of rectal suppositories);
immunomodulators;
drugs that have a non-specific hyposensitizing effect (calcium chloride, sodium thiosulfate);
biostimulants;
drugs that promote the resorption of adhesions and reduce the density of inflamed tissues;
multivitamin and mineral complexes.
After the acute phenomena subside, physiotherapeutic treatment is prescribed, the basis of which is electrophoresis, magnetotherapy, ultrasound, diathermy.
With a chronic course, antibacterial and resorption therapy comes to the fore. Measures aimed at increasing the resistance of a woman’s body to infection are actively carried out, physiotherapy treatment is widely used.
Spa treatment, the use of mud applications and tampons, ozokerite, radon baths bring good results.
To ensure functional rest of the ovary, the patient is prescribed a long-term intake of combined oral contraceptives (from three months to a year).
With pronounced adhesive processes and ineffectiveness of conservative treatment (accumulation of necrotic contents in the ovary, the transition of the inflammatory process to the surrounding tissues), surgical treatment is indicated. The operation can be performed by a cavity or minimally invasive method.
