Nodular mastopathy is a form of fibrocystic breast disease that has a focal form. This type of disease is considered as a process that significantly increases the likelihood of developing oncological lesions of the breast. Formations can be single or multiple in nature. The process can develop and be localized, both in one breast and in both.
CAUSES OF NODULAR MASTOPATHY
The most dangerous female age for the manifestation of this disease is 35-45 years, since female physiology has certain features. The monthly cycle that causes changes in the body of a woman of reproductive age depends on two hormones. These are estrogen and progesterone, which provide a two-phase nature of the cycle, which causes cyclical changes both in the whole body and in the mammary glands, in particular. With an imbalance of these hormones, uncontrolled proliferation begins in the breast tissues. At first, this provokes the development of diffuse mastopathy. Then nodular mastopathy develops.
The cause of mastopathy may be hormonal imbalance, frequent artificial abortions, neuroses, prolonged stress, gynecological diseases, menopause, early onset of menstruation, heredity, absence of childbirth before the age of thirty, excessively long or short lactation, bad habits, breast injuries, intestinal dysbiosis, prolonged hormonal contraception.
TYPES OF NODULAR MASTOPATHY
Taking into account the peculiarities of connective tissue changes, nodular mastopathy differs by:
lobular;
fibrous;
fibrocystic;
SYMPTOMS OF NODULAR MASTOPATHY
Nodular mastopathy is characterized by the appearance of tumor-like seals in the tissues of the gland. They are clearly limited. At the same time, there is no solidity with the skin or nipple. A woman can detect such formations on her own, in the process of an independent examination of the glands.
During the premenstrual period, the entire volume of the breast is painful, and due to edema, the seals increase in size. Pain syndrome can radiate. Pain is noted in the shoulder blade or shoulder. After the premenstrual edema passes, the soreness in the nodes disappears and they can only be detected by accident. There is no increase in regional lymph nodes in this disease. A small or copious amount of bloody or transparent contents from the nipples is recorded.
DIAGNOSIS OF NODULAR MASTOPATHY
The diagnostic complex for mastopathy includes:
consultation with a mammologist;
analysis of clinical data;
radiography;
echography;
morphological and cytological studies;
overview mammography;
ductorography;
Ultrasound;
node biopsy;
Ultrasound of the pelvis;
the study of estrogen and progesterone levels;
TREATMENT OF NODULAR MASTOPATHY
Treatment of this disease is divided into surgical and conservative. With conservative treatment, the main goal is to eliminate the imbalance of hormonal levels, eliminate endocrine and background gynecological diseases.
The most effective and common method of treating nodular mastopathy is surgical. Its volume and nature are determined depending on the form of the disease.
When a breast cyst is detected, puncture removal of its contents is performed. With a relapse of the disease, enucleation of the cyst is prescribed.
In the case of fibroadenoma, a sectoral resection of the breast is performed, with the removal of its part along with the tumor.
In case of controversial questions about the quality of biopsy data, the only correct indication is a surgical solution.
In the case of multiple nodes or cysts, radical resection of the breast can be performed.
