Nevus Ota

Nevus Ota
Nevus Ota, or oculocutaneous melanosis is a non-visible skin formation of irregular shape, resembling dark blue spots. This spot or a whole group of spots that have merged with each other are located in the area of the upper jaw, eyes and cheeks. As a rule, the nevus of Ota is characterized by a one-sided nature of occurrence. The disease is included in the group of melanoma-threatening pigmented nevi. Patients should be monitored by a dermatologist. In case of detection of malignant signs of nevus, a surgical method of treatment is prescribed.

Ocular-cutaneous melanosis was first described in detail in 1930 thanks to the research of the Japanese ophthalmologist M. Ota.

The content of the article:
Symptoms of Ota nevus
Diagnosis of Ota nevus
Treatment of Ota nevus
Nevus Ota
Symptoms of Ota nevus
Nevus Ota is characterized by black-cyanotic or dark blue pigmentation of the skin of the temple, zygomatic area, lower eyelid, cheek, upper jaw. Localization of spots is one-sided, less often both parts of the face are affected. Pigmentation has a single (one spot) or multiple character (several spots). The skin is evenly colored. However, there are nevi that have a variety of color intensity. Pigmentation may be barely noticeable or bright blue. In any case, pigmentation is the first symptom of Ota nevus.

Quite often, this nevus causes pigmentation of the iris, conjunctiva of the eyes and sclera, may have a brown or bluish hue. In addition, there are cases when pigmentation spreads to the larynx, lips and even the nose. The mucous membrane of the throat and palate also suffers.

The nevus is localized in the area of innervation of the trigeminal nerve (I and II branches). There are not isolated cases when pigmentation can spread to the structures of the eye, but the nevus of Ota does not cause neurological or visual disturbances. Thus, the visual function does not suffer from this disease, only the face is covered with a pigment layer.

A person can “get” an Ota nevus immediately at birth. The disease can also manifest itself in early childhood and puberty. Nevus Ota will accompany a person all his life. However, it is known that the Mongolian type of spots disappears after a while.

Nevus Ota very rarely degenerates into a malignant formation. This process is accompanied by changes in the nevus area:

does its color darken or lighten;
the borders of the nevus are reddening;
there is an unevenness of color;
there are bumps, erosions or cracks on its surface;
the outline is blurred and the like.
Diagnosis of Ota nevus
As a rule, the diagnosis of Ota nevus is reduced to an examination by a dermatologist. It takes as a basis a typical picture of the disease and the localization of the nevus. Attention is drawn to its difference from the giant pigment nevus, Mongolian spot, melanoma, etc. However, if certain doubts arise, additional examinations may be required.

Histological examination will reveal melanocytes located in the deep layers of the dermis. Dermatoscopy, syascopy of pigmented formation is also performed, if necessary, a biopsy may be required.

Treatment of Ota nevus
A disease such as Ota nevus does not cause physical discomfort. Nevus Ota is a cosmetic problem, because of which it is necessary to constantly apply masking agents, the only way to hide the presence of spots.

As a rule, modern dermatology does not perform surgical removal of the Ota nevus due to its specific localization and rare cases of malignancy.

Laser therapy gives the best cosmetic effect. The patient should regularly visit a dermatologist to avoid the degeneration of the Ota nevus into a disease such as melanoma.

Malignant degeneration of the Ota nevus is characterized by a sharp increase in pigmentation and color change. In such situations, surgical intervention is required.

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