Neurasthenia

Neurasthenia belongs to the group of mental disorders of the neurotic spectrum.

The attitude of psychiatrists to this problem is ambiguous today. If in the past the diagnosis of “neurasthenia” was quite common in psychiatry, then in recent years it has become much less common for doctors. Moreover, in some countries it is so rare that it does not even appear in the classifiers of mental diseases. So, for example, in the American DSM-IV, this diagnosis is absent at all. In the ICD-10, which is used by psychiatrists in European countries, including in Russia, this diagnosis is present under the code F48.

Definition of the concept

Neurasthenia is an “irritable weakness”, which has in its nature a weakening of the possibility of internal inhibition, explosiveness, increased depletion of processes occurring in the nervous system.

Neurasthenia is a neurosis of exhaustion, as a consequence of prolonged overwork, combined with painful experiences.

Neurasthenia is an increased mental and physical fatigue that develops in response to a long–term psychotraumatic situation in a person’s life.

Neurasthenia is a feeling of fatigue without visible physical reasons for their existence, most often developing when it is impossible to satisfy important desires or motives for a person.

Manifestations

Increased physical fatigue that occurs even with minor physical exertion, leading to the inability to perform actions that require minimal physical exertion;
Pronounced mental fatigue, developing against the background of activities that require even minor mental stress and effort, including in the implementation of habitual daily activities, unproductivity of the thought process;
Feeling unwell, especially noticeable after waking up;
Sleep disorders, difficulty falling asleep, shallow shallow sleep, frequent nightmares;
Difficulty concentrating;
The ability to memorize current information is noticeably reduced;
Headaches of varying intensity, almost constantly present throughout the day;
Vertigo;
Marked decrease in working capacity in the afternoon, in the evening;
Inability and inability to relax;
Outbursts of anger, irritability, having a characteristic feature – they are quite quickly depleted;
The inability to feel a sense of joy and enjoyment from the events taking place in life;
Tendency to low mood, anxiety, hypochondria;
The presence of various vegetative manifestations: palpitations, a feeling of numbness in various parts of the body, a feeling of heat, “crawling goosebumps”, nausea, increased intestinal motility, sweating palms, cold wet feet, trembling muscles, decreased sexual function.
All these manifestations are very unpleasant, painful, painful for the patient.

Treatment

Treatment of neurasthenia should be comprehensive and at the same time – necessarily comprehensive. The therapeutic plan must necessarily include the following components that complement and enhance each other’s effectiveness:

Organization of a rational daily routine, with enough time for a full rest, a variety of metered physical activity, water and physiotherapy procedures, organization of proper and high-calorie nutrition;
Medical treatment, selected according to an individual program for each patient;
Psychotherapy program.

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