Miscarriage is characterized by spontaneous termination of pregnancy (up to 37 weeks). This is the expulsion of the embryo or fetus from the mother’s body at about 22 weeks of pregnancy, when the fetus is not yet viable.
The diagnosis of miscarriage is established after three miscarriages, when the gestation period is less than 20 weeks.
Causes of miscarriage
The presence of chromosomal abnormalities of the fetus.
Inflammatory infections of the genitals or other infectious agents, for example, viral infections.
Disorders of the endocrine system.
Pathology of pregnancy.
Immunological factor (genetic incompatibility of father and mother).
Chronic diseases of women that are not related to the sexual sphere.
Symptoms of miscarriage:
increased body temperature;
vomiting;
dizziness, weakness;
sharp short-term abdominal pain;
pain in the sacrum and lower back;
discharge with blood clots from the genital tract;
pain in the lower abdomen of a pulling nature.
Diagnosis of miscarriage
cytogenetic analyses (allow to detect abnormalities in the number and structural spectrum of chromosomes);
blood test for hCG antibodies and antiphospholipid antibodies to detect autoimmune diseases;
husband’s spermogram;
consultation of an endocrinologist;
study of the karyotype of the father and mother;
coagulogram;
blood test for thyroid hormones that affect the development and maintenance of pregnancy;
tests for urogenital infections;
Ultrasound of pelvic organs;
blood test for sex hormones;
gynecological examination;
general examination, to identify the features of the physique, the state of the thyroid gland, the degree of obesity;
blood test for TORCH infections;
analysis of menstrual function;
study of obstetric and gynecological anamnesis;
analysis of the history of the disease and complaints;
Treatment of miscarriage:
consultation of a psychotherapist and psychologist;
neurotropic therapy is used to normalize functional disorders of the nervous system that provoke miscarriage;
sedative therapy (taking sedatives);
vitamin therapy (nicotinic acid, vitamins B1 and E);
hormone therapy (to create a hormonal background that is favorable for pregnancy);
detection and further elimination of the cause that provokes miscarriage.
Consequences and possible complications of miscarriage:
Fetal death immediately after childbirth, intrauterine fetal death, the birth of a premature fetus.
Possible penetration of infection into the abdominal cavity, which can provoke peritonitis.
Heavy bleeding, can provoke hemorrhagic shock. This condition of the body develops due to acute blood loss.
Termination of pregnancy, premature birth, miscarriage.
Prevention of miscarriage:
A thorough examination to identify the exact cause of the miscarriage.
Regular check-up, at least twice a year, with a gynecologist.
Exclusion of sporadic sexual contacts with unfamiliar partners.
Strict observance of the rules of personal sexual hygiene.
Giving up bad habits that are a direct threat to an existing or future pregnancy (drugs, alcohol, tobacco smoking).
Compliance with a healthy lifestyle, adequate physical activity, balanced nutrition.
Pregnancy planning. Consultation with a therapist and gynecologist, early detection and treatment of existing hormonal dysfunctions or infections.
