Hyperactivity of the bladder

Bladder hyperactivity is a syndrome characterized by a sudden urge to urinate, often accompanied by urinary incontinence. Some patients note the complete absence of the urge to urinate. The main cause of this ailment is dysfunction of the bladder muscles, and, as a result, the inability to consciously control the process of urination.

reasons
The factors provoking the development of bladder hyperactivity syndrome traditionally include:

Parkinson’s disease. This is a disease of the nervous system, manifested by muscle rigidity, weak control over them. Occurs mainly in the elderly;
inflammatory processes localized near the bladder. This includes, as a rule, inflammatory processes in the prostate gland. Increasing in size, it can narrow the lumen of the urinary canal, disrupting the natural process of urination. This factor can cause the development of the syndrome;
acute infectious diseases of the genitourinary system;
urolithiasis;
dementia;
tumor diseases of the bladder and nearby tissues;
strokes;
factors that damage the peripheral nervous system (injuries, tumors or hernias of the spine, diabetes mellitus, intoxication of the body);
congenital anomalies of bladder development;
excessive consumption of water, caffeine, alcohol, diuretics.
symptoms
The main manifestations of the syndrome include:

sudden urge to urinate;
the beginning of urination immediately after the patient felt the urge;
frequent urination (more often 8 or 10 times a day);
frequent urination at night;
lack of urge and, as a result, absolutely uncontrolled urination.
diagnostics
The diagnosis and treatment of the described disease in women should be handled by a gynecologist or urologist, in men – a urologist.

Diagnosis should begin with anamnesis study and collection of patient complaints. After clarifying all the details (how long the unbearable urges have been occurring, what preceded their occurrence, etc.), clinical types of examinations are prescribed. First of all, this includes: general blood and urine tests, as well as urine tests according to Zimnitsky and Nechiporenko, bacterial urine culture, biochemical blood serum examination.

In addition, the following types of examinations may be prescribed to determine the factors provoking the occurrence of this ailment:

Ultrasound of the kidneys and bladder (allows you to detect the cause of the syndrome);
MRI of the pelvic organs (this study allows you to accurately assess the state of the genitourinary system);
radiography with the introduction of a contrast agent (inexpensive, but uninformative diagnostic method);
cystourethroscopy (performed using a probe inserted into the urethra).
In some cases, the list of examinations may be increased, and a specialist such as a neurologist is involved in the treatment of this ailment.
treatment
The treatment method is selected individually after determining the cause of the disease. This may include:

physical therapy, including exercises to strengthen the muscles of the pelvic area;
drug therapy. This, depending on the causes of the disease, may include relaxing drugs, drugs that reduce the tone of the walls of the bladder, as well as anti-inflammatory drugs and drugs that affect the work of the human nervous system;
physiotherapy procedures: ultrasound or electrical stimulation, warming up, etc.;
surgical intervention. This type of treatment is carried out only if other methods have proved ineffective.

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