Generalized gingivitis
Generalized gingivitis is a peculiar reaction of the body to a malfunction in the functioning of the endocrine system of the body. As a rule, the symptoms of this disease are noted in adolescents and pregnant women, during hormonal restructuring of the body.
With manifestations of gingivitis in ulcerative form, special attention should be paid to the functioning of the immune system, the disruption of which is manifested by this pathological process.
Causes of generalized gingivitis
The main reasons for the occurrence of this pathological process in the disruption of work:
endocrine system;
circulatory system;
cardiovascular system;
hypovitaminosis;
gastrointestinal diseases;
allergic diseases;
the presence of plaque, tartar and caries;
chemical stimuli;
smoking.
Most often, both adults and children are diagnosed with infectious gingivitis. In children, their main reason is the lack of regular oral hygiene. Since up to the age of seven the child’s immune system is in the process of formation, which ends only by puberty, the risk of inflammatory foci of gingivitis in children is significantly higher.
The most common cause of gingivitis is the presence of carious teeth. With diabetes mellitus, tuberculosis and rheumatism, the risk of gingivitis increases significantly.
Symptoms of generalized gingivitis
The main signs of the presence of gingivitis include:
microbial plaque;
dental deposits;
swelling and loosening of the gums;
cyanosis;
burning sensation;
bleeding;
hyperemia;
pain.
With ulcerative gingivitis, the papillae of the gums darken and their soreness is noted. A necrotic film forms on the edge of the gums, which looks quite easy to remove, painted in the color of gray dirt. When the gum is exposed, a bleeding, dark red surface becomes visible.
With this disease, it is much more difficult to eat, since salivation increases significantly and there is an extremely unpleasant smell from the mouth.
There is an increase in lymph nodes, an increase in the patient’s body temperature, lethargy and headache appear.
Diagnosis of generalized gingivitis
The disease is diagnosed during the initial examination and collection of patient complaints. With generalized gingivitis, the gums grow up to the crown of the teeth and become hard to the touch. On visual inspection, the abnormal position of the teeth, the subgingival stone and pathological pockets are noticeable.
In some cases, an additional X-ray examination may be prescribed.
Treatment of generalized gingivitis
Before deciding on the direction of treatment of this disease, it is necessary to find out exactly what factors it was caused by and, if possible, eliminate them.
Conservative methods of treatment involve the use of local solutions to relieve the inflammatory process.
In hypertrophic forms of gingivitis, surgical treatment is prescribed for proper correction.
With ulcerative gingivitis, surgical treatment is prescribed to remove ulcerative growths.
It is extremely important, along with local treatment, to prescribe immunomodulators to the patient, as well as antibacterial therapy.
Prevention of generalized gingivitis
Proper oral hygiene, especially during pregnancy and puberty, regular examination at the dentist and timely treatment of infectious processes in the oral cavity.
