Dandruff is a disease in which there is a rapid detachment of the stratum corneum of the scalp. The syndrome proceeds for a very long time and accompanies the development of seborrhea.
Causes of seborrhea
Seborrhea, or dandruff, manifests itself in violation of the fat metabolism of the scalp. It is manifested by an increase or decrease in the production of sebum and a change in the chemical composition of the scalp. This may be caused by a violation of the function of the sebaceous gland.
Its functions can be disrupted if a person has problems with metabolism, gastrointestinal diseases, dysfunction of the endocrine glands. Fungal skin diseases are also a common cause of seborrhea. Often several reasons overlap one another, so it is impossible to single out any one. Hereditary predisposition to the development of dandruff is not excluded. Dandruff often manifests itself during puberty, at which time a person’s sebum separation seriously increases. Manifestations can also be observed during menopause, pregnancy, improper hair care or aggressive hair care.
Types of dandruff
There are several types of seborrhea in total:
Liquid form of oily dandruff
There are enlarged pores, glossy scalp, active sebum secretion. Unnatural shine of hair, gluing into strands and rapid contamination even after washing, plastering of hair with yellow scales. There is also severe itching of the scalp, furunculosis, baldness.
A thick form of liquid seborrhea
The skin thickens and loses much elasticity. The mouths of the sebaceous glands expand, the skin changes color, the hair becomes coarse and stiff. Often there are blackheads, a cyst of the sebaceous gland, furunculosis.
Dry seborrhea
The skin is very dry and the sebum is too viscous. Due to poor discharge from the glands, it leads to desiccation of the scalp. The skin becomes irritated and very sensitive. Itching is also manifested, large amounts of dandruff cover the scalp and prevent it from “breathing”. There is a layering of dandruff scales on top of each other with the formation of gray crusts. This process is accompanied by dryness and fragility of the hair.
Mixed form of seborrhea
According to the signs, it is an intermediate phase between dry and oily seborrhea. It often manifests itself on the face and on the head simultaneously with different signs.
A complication may be seborrheic dermatitis. With it, the skin scales are strongly and quickly exfoliated and inflammatory processes on the epidermis, itching, skin infections and scratching are observed.
Symptoms of dandruff
The most striking symptoms of this condition are keratinized skin particles on the surface of the head. They have different thickness and shape, it is easy to fall behind or hold firmly on the scalp. The color of the scales may be different.
Diagnosis of dandruff does not cause difficulties. The main thing is to find the cause of the disease.
Dandruff Treatment
Like any other disease, dandruff must be treated under the close supervision of a doctor, in this case a trichologist. He will find the cause of the problem and prescribe the most effective treatment. As a rule, treatment is aimed at normalizing the process of sebum formation. To do this, various shampoos, masks, etc. are used. Among them may be Nizoral, Dermazole and many other shampoos. Self-treatment of dandruff does not bring any significant results. Sometimes some physiotherapy procedures can give a result.
Seriously improve the condition of the scalp during treatment will help:
the absence of procedures that have a bad effect on the hair;
the use of individual combs made of wood and their frequent replacement;
changing the diet, excluding fatty and fried foods from there, salt and sugar in normalized amounts;
eating foods rich in fiber.
regulation of the water diet, large consumption of water and beverages based on it.
