Calculous prostatitis is a disease in which rocky inclusions (or concretions) form in the ducts of the prostate gland. It occurs as a consequence of chronic prostatitis. Stones appear from calcareous salts, phosphates, and prostate secretions. The problem is faced by patients of various age categories: 30 — 40 years (due to chronic prostatitis), 40 — 60 years (due to prostate adenoma), after 60 years (due to the extinction of intimate function).
The content of the article:
Causes of calculous prostatitis
Symptoms of calculous prostatitis
Diagnosis of calculous prostatitis
Treatment of calculous prostatitis
Calculous prostatitis
There are exogenous and endogenous types of stones. The composition of exogenous stones can be compared with those found in the urinary tract. They can occur due to prostate adenoma and chronic inflammation and are most often found in the distal parts of the prostate. The patient can live with endogenous stones for many years, since they do not cause inconvenience, much less pain. Their cause is stagnant prostatitis. Symptoms and treatment of calculous prostatitis require the attention of professionals.
Causes of calculous prostatitis
Chronic calculous prostatitis provokes inflammatory processes and stagnant processes in the prostate gland. Benign prostatic hyperplasia, abstinence from intimate contacts or their irregularity, as well as insufficient physical activity cause improper emptying of the prostate glands. If, in combination with these factors, an infection of the genitourinary tract is observed, gradually the nature of the prostate secretion undergoes changes.
Also, the cause of the disease can be urethro-prostatic reflux, in which a small amount of urine enters the ducts of the prostate gland when urinating from the urethra. The salts that are present in the urine gradually turn into stones. Urethro-prostatic reflux occurs as a result of injury to the urethra, as a result of transurethral resection of the prostate gland, urethral stricture. Urine can enter the prostate after changes that have occurred during surgical interventions on the genitals, the use of catheters, the presence of kidney stones or bladder. Stones are mainly urate, oxalate, phosphate.
Chronic calculous prostatitis can worsen reproductive function.
Symptoms of calculous prostatitis
A sign of calculous prostatitis is pain in the lower abdomen, perineum, testicles, sacrum, scrotum. The diameter and number of concretions directly affect the intensity of pain.
Often the pain becomes stronger during and after sexual intercourse, after sitting on something solid, when walking, vibrations. Aching pain can give to the penis and scrotum.
The following phenomena can be signals of calculous prostatitis:
frequent urination;
urinary incontinence;
the appearance of a small amount of blood in the sperm;
extinction of sexual desire;
erectile dysfunction.
A month after the manifestation of the first symptoms, the patient can observe a violation of the general condition: malaise, decreased performance, depressed states, irritability, a slight increase in temperature may be noted.
Diagnosis of calculous prostatitis
When examining a patient, a specialist can only assume that the patient has a disease. Prostate ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography help to detect and confirm the diagnosis of calculous prostatitis.
The next stage is a series of laboratory tests that determine the presence of concretions in the prostate gland, as well as the presence and degree of the inflammatory process. Most often , the following tests are needed:
general urinalysis (confirmation is the presence of blood, a large number of white blood cells, protein, epithelial cells);
general blood test (increased ESR, increased white blood cell count);
spermogram (blood is observed, motility and the number of spermatozoa decreases);
determination of the level of prostatic specific antigen in order to detect oncological neoplasms;
examination of prostate secretions (amyloid corpuscles, more leukocytes and epithelium are noted).
In the future, during instrumental examination, certain signs make it possible to confirm the diagnosis:
you can find out if there are concretions directly in the prostate during ultrasound;
a CT scan of the prostate gland will help to find out the localization and determine the size;
with magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate gland, it is also possible to obtain information about the method of formation of stones.
Treatment of calculous prostatitis
Treatment of calculous prostatitis is prescribed and carried out by a specialist, he uses surgical intervention or a medical method.
The medical method for the treatment of calculous prostatitis is usually chosen by the doctor, provided that the size of the stone is no more than 4 mm. The patient takes orally and in the form of injections anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, drugs that normalize blood circulation. Phytotherapy is also used. During medical treatment, constant monitoring of the attending physician is important.
Physiotherapy is effective, in many cases facilitating the process of stone release. For example, magnetotherapy is successfully used, which significantly improves blood microcirculation, has an analgesic, calming effect. Ultrasound therapy is often prescribed, during the procedure, the emitter contacts the skin through a special gel.
Good results are shown by medicinal electrophoresis, in which the drug is injected through the surface of the skin or mucous membrane by means of an electric current. In this case, it is necessary to abandon the prostate massage procedure, unlike the treatment of chronic prostatitis, in which it is effectively used.
Relatively recently, in combination with the drug method, the use of a low-frequency laser on the prostate has been started. During such therapy, the concretions are gradually crushed and come out with urine.
With large concretions, drug treatment does not bring results, surgical intervention is undertaken to treat calculous prostatitis. Through a dissection in the perineum or suprapubic zone, the surgeon removes stones.
Calculous prostatitis is often accompanied by BPH. With this option, choose prostatectomy, adenomectomy, prostate TOUR.
Prostatectomy refers to the removal of the prostate gland, which is performed under general anesthesia. During the operation, the seminal vesicles are also subject to removal. The operation can be abdominal. In this case, the perineum or anterior abdominal wall is dissected. After the removal, stitches are applied.
It is also possible to operate with an endoscope by producing several punctures in the abdominal cavity. In this case, rehabilitation is faster.
Adenomectomy is used for large adenomas. Access is through the abdominal cavity. The operation may have a number of complications: bladder fistulas, infection of the genitourinary organs, urinary incontinence, etc.
Transurethral resection of the prostate involves excision of the hyperplastic portion of the prostate through the urethra by resectocystoscope. This operation is less likely to cause side effects, the rehabilitation period is shorter.
Proper diet is important not only for prevention, but also in the treatment of chronic calculous prostatitis. The diet is prescribed by the attending physician, based on various criteria and factors. Basically, meat, fish and mushroom broths, as well as sauces, spicy dishes, spices, garlic, onion, radish, radish are excluded from the daily diet. Limit the consumption of legumes, white cabbage, whole milk, as well as other products that contribute to flatulence. The doctor recommends copious drinking.
The earlier the patient turns to a specialist, the more favorable the prognosis for the treatment of this disease. If calculous prostatitis is not treated, there may be loss of reproductive function, erectile dysfunction, urinary incontinence, sclerosis or abscess of the prostate gland, injury to tissues located near the stone.
Prevention of calculous prostatitis
Prevention of this disease is relevant for men at any age and includes:
preventive examinations, lack of self-treatment;
exclusion of nicotine from life and reasonable alcohol consumption;
age-appropriate sexual activity;
prevention of genital infections;
physical activity;
conducting treatment of infectious diseases.
