Atheroma

A benign neoplasm of the sebaceous gland, which is provoked by its blockage, is called an atheroma. Education, as a rule, has a rounded shape with a clearly marked border. It practically does not cause pain.

As a rule, the formation of atheroma occurs in the area of the skin, which is rich in sebaceous glands: in the genital area, trunk, neck, face and scalp. The formation can have significant dimensions, from a few millimeters to several centimeters. This phenomenon refers to cosmetic defects of appearance, and in the common people is called zhiroviki.

Causes of atheroma

There are a number of factors that provoke the occurrence of this formation:

hereditary factor;
injury to the sebaceous glands, for example, cuts, scratches, squeezing pimples;
a defect in the development of the sebaceous glands;
inflammatory diseases of the sebaceous glands and their ruptures;
thickening of the secret and its delayed release;
damage to the hair follicle;
blocking the outflow of the secret.
It can provoke atheroma:

abuse of deodorants and other cosmetics;
lack of personal hygiene;
violation of hormonal levels;
increased sweating;
the presence of microtrauma of the skin;
active exposure to the sun’s rays on the skin;
skin problems and acne;
male sex, because men have more oily skin and a special structure of the sebaceous glands.
Symptoms of atheroma

Atheromas are divided into multiple and single. The main signs of education:

the formation is located under the skin and has a rounded shape;
the surface is smooth;
has clear boundaries;
the structure is dense, but almost painless to the touch;
the content is mushy, white.
As a rule, the presence of this education does not pose a threat to human life and health. But with large localizations on the face, a person experiences psychological discomfort. With a significant size of the atheroma, compression of the surrounding vessels or tissues may occur.

With a prolonged course of atheromas, their inflammation and infection may occur, with further formation of an abscess. At the same time, symptoms such as:

increased body temperature;
swelling in the area of neoplasm;
redness of the skin;
soreness or opening of the abscess.
Diagnosis of atheroma

The main method of diagnosing this disease is a visual examination of the problem area and adjacent skin areas. As an additional diagnosis, a histological examination of the atheroma tissues is performed, which are removed during the operation.

Treatment of atheroma

The main method of treatment of this formation is surgical. Conservative methods of therapy for this disease are not used. Atheroma is removed for cosmetic indications or when there is a danger of suppuration. In case of an atheroma abscess, the operation is performed urgently to remove pus and the contents of the neoplasm.

If there are no complications of atheroma, then methods can be used:

classical removal with a scalpel;
laser removal;
radio wave removal.
The latter method is most preferable, since after it there are no repeated atheromas and no suturing is required. Hospitalization with this technique is not required. Moreover, when removing atheromas in the scalp, hair removal is not required, which is extremely important for women.

The disadvantage of this method is that it cannot be used for suppuration. In these cases, a classic operation with an incision and subsequent suturing is used.

The main prevention of this disease consists in regular hygiene and reducing the greasiness of hair and skin.

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