Actinic dermatitis

Actinic dermatitis is an inflammation of the skin that occurs under the influence of radiation exposure. The disease can be triggered by sunlight, artificial sources of UV radiation and ionizing radiation. The clinical picture of dermatitis depends on the time and intensity of radiation exposure to the skin. It is believed that people of the following professions — farmers, welders, workers of smelters and foundries, radiologists — show a greater tendency to develop chronic actinic dermatitis.

The content of the article:
Symptoms of actinic dermatitis
Complications of actinic dermatitis
Treatment of actinic dermatitis
Actinic dermatitis
For the treatment of actinic dermatitis, it is necessary to use special creams for burns. Infection prevention and pain management also play an important role. Plastic closure of the defect may be required for necrotic changes in large areas of the skin.

Symptoms of actinic dermatitis
Actinic dermatitis has its hidden period, as a result of which the first symptoms of the disease may not appear immediately, but only after a while. Solar dermatitis can be in a latent state for only a few hours, while radiation or radiation — from 1 day to 2 months, which has a number of dangers.

Acute actinic dermatitis of solar origin is characterized by redness and swelling of the skin with a feeling of itching, burning or pain. Sometimes there is fever, nausea, weakness and general intoxication. Solar dermatitis, as a rule, leads to large lamellar peeling of the skin. In addition to everything, the skin is covered with serous blisters, which eventually create a feeling of discomfort. As a result of opening the bubbles, the pain increases, and erosion or an ulcer may appear.

With chronic solar dermatitis, open areas of the skin have a bronze hue, become thickened and dry, red plaques appear on them.

In the clinic of acute radiation dermatitis, specialists distinguish three stages.

The stage of redness (erythematous) is swelling, redness and soreness of the affected area of the skin. The appearance of spot hemorrhages indicates a deep lesion and an unfavorable prognosis.

The bullous stage is characterized by increased edema, increased pain and the appearance of large blisters. After the bubbles are opened, erosions appear, followed by the formation of a scar at the healing site.

The third stage is necrosis, which can develop after the bullous stage or bypassing it. It is characterized by a serious condition of the patient, insomnia, high fever, severe pain. The skin is covered with ulcers that do not heal for a long time. After the ulcer heals, a scar is formed, any superficial injury of which leads to repeated necrosis and the formation of a trophic ulcer.

Chronic actinic dermatitis from ionizing radiation is accompanied by atrophic processes in the skin. It becomes thinner, becomes dry and sensitive, loses elasticity, painful cracks appear on it. Then areas of increased keratinization (hyperkeratosis) and warty growths begin to appear.

Skin lesions provoked by artificial sources of UV radiation are similar to solar dermatitis, but are often accompanied by intoxication, conjunctivitis and keratitis.

Complications of actinic dermatitis
This disease is fraught with complications. Red plaques in chronic solar dermatitis, areas of hyperkeratosis and skin overgrowth in chronic radiation dermatitis can cause skin cancer.

Treatment of actinic dermatitis
Treatment of acute actinic dermatitis from solar or artificial UV rays consists in the use of cooling lotions, means for the treatment of burns and healing creams. When bubbles appear, they are punctured.

Corticosteroids, linetol and linol are used to treat the first stage of radiation actinic dermatitis. When bubbles form, the liquid is sucked out of them and a pressure bandage is applied. A course of antibiotics and disinfectants are used in case of suppuration of blisters.

Treatment of actinic dermatitis in the necrosis stage is aimed at relieving pain, preventing infection, stimulating healing processes and strengthening immunity. Surgical excision is performed if the necrosis site is well limited.

With large non—healing areas of necrosis, plastic surgery is required, in severe cases, amputation of the limb.

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