Acne, the appearance of which is a consequence of a disease of the sebaceous glands, namely their blockage and inflammation of the hair follicles, are scientifically called acne.
The three-dimensional concept of “Acne” includes the whole complex of dependence of skin manifestations on the state of the human body in general. Previously, it was assumed that this phenomenon is characteristic of adolescence, however, statistics show that this disease can manifest itself at any age.
CAUSES OF ACNE
The main cause of this disease lies in the violation of the proper functioning of the sebaceous glands and hyper-secretion of sebum. Internal and external causes can provoke this disorder.
Internal reasons include:
Increased testosterone. With the active release of steroid hormones, there is an active secretion of the sebaceous glands.
Premenstrual period. The level of steroid hormones in the female body varies depending on the menstrual cycle. As a rule, the presence of such pimples is noted in more than half of women.
Fluctuations in hormonal levels. For adolescence, the appearance of hormonal acne is quite understandable. But, if this phenomenon does not go away in adulthood, it is necessary to consult a gynecologist, since hormonal acne in adulthood in women can signal health problems.
Manifestation of hyperkeratosis. The reason is the effect of harmful chemicals on the skin and vitamin A deficiency.
Disorders of the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. Dysbiosis, lack of amino acids, gastritis, etc., provoke the appearance of acne. With normal intestinal microflora, the skin is clean.
Individual features of the microflora of the skin;
Stressful situations.
Violations of immunity.
External ones include:
Low-quality cosmetics.
Humid and hot climate.
Excessive amount of ultraviolet light.
Frequent contact with toxic substances.
Squeezing out blackheads without observing the rules of antiseptics.
SYMPTOMS OF ACNE
Acne is an open or closed comedones. Non–inflammatory nodular formations that have a white color, without coming to the surface, are closed comedones. With further accumulation of dust, pigment, epithelial cells and sebaceous gland secretions, the comedone goes into an open state, with a black tip that protrudes above the surface of the skin.
Most often, acne is located on the chin and forehead skin. If inflammation joins the formed blockage of the hair follicle, papulo-pustular acne develops. With a severe form of the disease, these formations turn into necrotic acne elements.
DIAGNOSIS OF ACNE
The basis for the diagnosis of acne is the clinical picture of the disease.
ACNE TREATMENT
The effective treatment of the disease requires the participation of several specialists. Therapists, cosmetologists, physiotherapists can join the work of dermatologists. In severe cases, you may need the experience of surgeons and plastic surgeons.
Prevention of the occurrence of new acne is required.
Existing acne is removed.
Measures are being taken to reduce sebum secretion.
The inflammatory process of the skin is removed.
Therapy with external systemic agents is prescribed, which affect the entire chain of acne occurrence.
For the treatment of acne are used:
Preparations containing benzoyl peroxide, which has a very powerful keratolytic effect, for dissolving keratinized tissues.
Preparations with azelaic acid, for anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects on the skin.
Antibiotics used externally.
Systemic antibiotics, for oral administration, to affect acne comprehensively.
